Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms
Rhinitis is the medical term describing irritation and inflammation (acute or chronic) of the lining of the nasal cavity.
Rhinitis may be allergic or not. They are increasing worldwide. When chronic, it affects strongly the quality of life of people who are victims, so that WHO issued in 2001 a new classification of the disease.
Rhinitis is often accompanied by other disorders such as asthma and / or sinusitis and is a cause of insomnia and fatigue. 50% of rhinitis patients have a nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity, and therefore an increased risk of asthma. Conversely, nearly all asthmatics have rhinitis (more or less acute) associated with asthma.
A study Epidemiological based on 6500 adults followed for over 9 years has shown that rhinitis (allergic or not) was also a predictor of asthma:
* Allergic rhinitis is a risk of prejudice to 3.5 times more important to develop asthma;
* A person affected by a non-allergic rhinitis has 3 times more likely to become asthmatic.
Symptoms
Symptoms include:
* Runny nose;
* Nasal congestion can lead to nasal obstruction;
* Irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose, with or without redness, itching and lesions (scabs, sores ..) and possibly accompanied by irritation of the eyes, throat and / or ears.
Allergic rhinitis
This is a seasonal or chronic rhinitis. It is one of allergy symptoms the most common and increasingly frequent. It is due to a strong immunological reaction induced by inhaled allergen in air (20 000 liters of air pass daily through the nostrils and nasal passages.)
It can be:
* Seasonal. It is then induced by external agents such as pollen (hay fever) or substances or particles secreted or lost by plants, fungi or animals (hair processional caterpillar for example)
* Chronic. It is for example caused by exposure to people with allergies to allergens from dust mites or mold found in homes, or industrial emissions, incineration or burning or vehicular traffic (see below), etc..
* Acute and temporary, via inhalation of different types of fumes, odorants or deodorants, smoke tobacco, or other pollutants.
* Professional (or not recognized as an occupational disease, as appropriate).
Allergic rhinitis and traffic
A study of 2008, made by health authorities in the region of Rome confirmed that chronic exposure to fallout from the traffic was indeed a contributing factor rhinitis in adults (study from 9488 adults 25 to 59 years living near a busy traffic area in Rome, Italy, and taking into account other risk factors related to education, occupation, housing, active smoking or passive traffic density).
The proximity of housing with a major road increases the risk of reporting difficulty breathing (397 people have complained of chronic bronchitis, 472 asthma and rhinitis 1227). The prevalence of asthma has been correlated with self-report of near a high traffic area and rhinitis were strongly correlated with indicators of trafficking, especially among non-smokers. In this case, chronic bronchitis was reported for 4% of the population studied, while 5% were victims of asthma and 13% (1227 persons) rhinitis.
Non-allergic rhinitis
Rhinitis acute non-allergic may be induced:
* By infection (usually bacterial or viral). In the latter case, an acute viral rhinitis can cause loss of smell (35% of cases dysosmies) when a superabundant mucus covering the olfactory epithelium as to prevent recognition of odors by the brain.
* By structural defects of the nasal passages (displaced walls, sinonasal polyposis Obstructive (nose leads to more or less blocked by polyps).
* By hormonal changes or medical conditions related to pregnancy ( "rhinitis of pregnancy" or "rhinitis of pregnancy" occurs in approximately 30% of pregnant women, with feeling "stuffy nose").
This usually occurs after the first trimester and worsens during the third quarter and usually disappears 2 weeks after childbirth
* By abuse of certain drugs (nasal decongestant, aspirin, certain anti-hypertensives, drugs for erectile dysfunction).
Atrophic Rhinitis
It is a degenerative disease and inflammatory nasal cavities and sinuses, characterized by degeneration of cartilage tissue and nasal cavities, nasal flaring and total dysfunction of the nasal mucosa remaining. It is often accompanied by foul odors (Ozen), nose bleeds and crusts.
Secondary atrophic rhinitis
Also called "Empty Nose Syndrome" (SNV) or Empty nose syndrome (ENS) for English speakers, it is the result of surgical removal of an excessive amount of nasal turbinate, an operation called turbinectomy (removal of cones).
Types
The main types of rhinitis have an ICD-10:
* (J00) rhinitis is primarily divided into acute and chronic, acute rhinitis is classified as common cold.
* (J30.0) Vasomotor rhinitis is not allergic, and supposedly due to nervous disorders.
* (J30.1-J30.4) Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common allergies. It may be seasonal, due to external agents such as pollen (allergy to pollen is called hay fever) or perennial, due to dust mites domestic household molds, etc..
* (J31) Chronic Rhinitis
* (A50) Rhinitis due to congenital syphilis
Read also Sinusitis
wikipedia
