(Jrt)
Hemorrhoid
Hemorrhoids (feminine noun), meaning first, the veins are present in the mucous membranes of the anus and the lower rectum.
In common usage, refers mainly hemorrhoids varicose dilation and inflammation of the veins, then called hémorroïdaires veins.
Epidemiology
This is a very common violation: its prevalence is almost 30% of the population.
Types and symptoms of hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are dilated veins in the anal area (anus and rectum) and the surrounding tissue, a phenomenon similar to varicose veins that can appear on the legs.
Produced by dilation whose size varies from one individual to another, hemorrhoids may be internal (within the anus) or external depending on their location. They are normal anatomic structures and will become a pathological only when moving towards a hémorroïdaire disease.
When he creates a stasis in these veins, a thrombus (blood clot) can be established and lead to inflammation and pain with significant embarrassment defecating. Hemorrhoids may also cause bleeding and local pruritus (itching).
An examination of the rectum can determine the size and position of hemorrhoids and helps eliminate other causes of bleeding or pain locales (anal fissure, prolapse, tumor ...)
In case of bleeding, in a patient over the age of 40, another cause must be sought (polyp or tumor) by colonoscopy or a short colorectal scanner.
Causes
* A family history.
* A diet rich in hot pepper frequently, for example.
* The frequent handling heavy loads that induce excessive pressure in the abdominal cavity.
* Work in conditions seated in a vehicle as a truck driver, bus or taxi
* Suffer from chronic constipation. Physical inactivity, poor eating habits and stress cause constipation. Some drugs may be involved, such as laxatives if used over a long period.
* The birth.
Prevention
This is to prevent or combat constipation, by increasing the amount of fibre in the diet (Fiber soften the stool. Fresh fruits, leafy vegetables, cereals and breads Whole grains are excellent sources of fiber. fat soluble fibers are very beneficial to the digestive functions when they are linked to an adequate intake), with a good hydration (avoiding beer and soft drinks in general) and through regular physical exercise (Warning, do too much abdominal may instead exacerbate the problem).
If necessary, laxative can increase the volume of stool, p. Ex. Bran, psyllium (Metamucil, for example, Fibrepur, Novo-Mucilax, Prodiem (nature)) and others (Fibyrax, Forlax). The use of laxatives should be occasional and not a substitute for a good diet.
Some foods, and some drugs can trigger crises. These are individual sensibilities, and everyone should try as far as he is concerned, making the correlation between what he ate the day before and the emergence of a crisis. Can be found in foods such as triggers: alcohol classically city, but also other more unexpected functions indivudus: strong cheeses, roasted chicory, coffee, magnesium tablets, certain antibiotics, some conservatives, some spices.
The veinotoniques are used very widely but have not demonstrated their effectiveness.
The presence of blood in the stool, as a measure of prevention, must be consulted as may be indicative of a disease.
Curative treatment
In general, treat hemorrhoids are effectively using simple symptomatic treatments that alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Finally, special attention should be paid to the health of the anal region, but did not go to the other extreme, soap can also be a source of irritation. All these measures can solve the crisis and to prevent others in more than half the cases.
The treatment of hemorrhoids are often based creams painkillers or anti-inflammatory drugs, which are applied with the hand (in the case of external crisis hémorroïdaire) or with a specific tip (in the case of internal crisis). These treatments are often effective, although not removing entirely the problem. Indeed, other crises may occur over time. For a total and definitive crisis consultation with a doctor is necessary, it will eventually lead the patient to a surgeon.
There are other treatments if complications:
* Sclerosing injections, which cause sclerosis hémorroïdaires vessels through the injection of an irritating substance (phenol 5%). This technique allows you to quickly relieve the patient but has not demonstrated superior efficacy compared to a simple treatment.
* The photo-coagulation by infrared, which acts on vessels setting mucosa;
* The elastic ligature strangulation caused by the decay of a hémorroïde tissues and eventually their destruction by another technique (eg freezing). This is an old technique (1963), effective but can be complicated by a local bleeding, often scanty, on the tenth day.
* Finally, if the disease hémorroïdaire is at a very advanced stage, we can consider a surgical procedure under local or general anesthetic depending on the act to be carried out.
On a hémorroïde thrombosed, when it becomes painful, it is easily operable. In most cases, with a suitable diet (still enrichment fibres), it disappears by itself.
Phytotherapy
Treatments by plants have been proposed:
* Garlic
* Cypress
* Fragon
* Bark of Marronier of India: it is a standard therapy in herbal medicine (drug doses can be tripled at the beginning of the crisis)
* Bilberry
* Dandelion
* Sage: in the form of infusions
* Onion: stimulation of blood flow and thus decrease the dilation of venous system [ref. Required].
Read also Hemorrhoid
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